How do flow experiences and emotional states of individuals participating in recreational activities affect their self-efficacy perceptions and life satisfaction?

Abstract

This research is based on social cognitive theory and aims to determine the effects of flow experience and positive and negative emotional states of individuals participating in recreational activities on their self-efficacy. The study also aimed to explore the effect of flow experience, self-efficacy, and positive-negative emotions on individuals' life satisfaction. The data were collected through a valid and reliable scale. Convenient sampling method was employed and 434 valid questionnaires were collected between January and April 2018. Hypotheses were tested by multiple regression analysis. Results show the balance between challenges and skills subscale of flow experience and positive emotional state affect self-efficacy. In addition, life satisfaction is affected by flow experience, positive emotions and self-efficacy. Based on the relevant findings and inferences, some suggestions have been developed for the enterprise or operators. Within the scope of the flow experience, balance between challenges and skills can be taken into account by the companies that work with intensive business timetable (for example: businesses where the service is offered on site, such as hotels, restaurants). A further suggestion can be made for managers of sports clubs, fitness center operators, course managers (such as swimming, dancing) and public managers. More individuals should be directed to do physical activities for themselves, regardless of whether they are indoor or outdoor activity.